As President Barack Obama rightly noted in one of his first directives, his "highest priority is to keep the American people safe."[1] Addressing homeland security challenges effectively requires ...

Getting to the heart of causality is central to understanding the world around us. What causes one variable — be it a biological species, a voting region, a company stock, or a local climate — to ...

Complex systems as a research area focuses on studying systems composed of many interacting components whose collective behavior exhibits nonlinearity, emergence, adaptation, and self-organization. It ...

Some people claim that π equals 0 in the complex number system, but this statement is often misunderstood or taken out of context. This explanation clearly breaks down where the idea comes from, the ...